我们看下面几个句子:
- Mary is a beautiful girl. (译文:玛丽是一个美丽的女孩。)
- Is Mary a beautiful girl? (译文:玛丽是一个美丽的女孩吗?)
- Who is Mary? (译文:谁是玛丽?)
- Mary, sit down, please. (译文:玛丽,请坐下。)
- How beautiful Mary is! (译文:玛丽多么美丽啊!)
以上第 1 句是用来陈述一件事的(statement),我们称之为“陈述句”(declarative sentence);第 2 句和第 3 句是用来提出问题的(question),我们称之为“疑问句”(interrogative sentence);第 4 句是用来向别人提出要求、请求的(command),我们称之为“祈使句”(imperative sentence);第 5 句是用来表达感叹的(exclamation),我们称之为“感叹句”(exclamatory sentence)。
所以,根据一个句子的功能,或者说它起到的作用,我们把句子分成 4 大类:
- 陈述句(declarative sentences),用来陈述事情(statement)
- 疑问句(interrogative sentences),用来提问(question)
- 祈使句(imperative sentences),用来下达命令或提出请求(command)
- 感叹句(exclamation sentences),用来表达感叹(exclamation)
更多例句:
- She is learning English. (陈述句)
- Jerry eats one egg every morning.(陈述句)
- Tom has 2 brothers and 3 sisters.(陈述句)
- Lucy didn't go to school yesterday.(陈述句)
- Are you ok?(疑问句)
- Is Tom Chinese?(疑问句)
- Do you speak English?(疑问句)
- Where are you from?(疑问句)
- What does your father do?(疑问句)
- When will you be here?(疑问句)
- Don't be shy, Jerry!(祈使句)
- Please give me a hand!(祈使句)
- Never give up!(祈使句)
- What a good boy he is!(感叹句)
- How clever the monkey is!(感叹句)
- What a beautiful day!(感叹句)